Fetching an input from the user

The following program demonstrates how an input is fetched from the user in the program :

Program:

#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
    int i;
    printf("Please enter a value for i : \t");
    scanf("%d",&i);
    printf("\n Value of i : \t%d",i); 
}

The scanf() function is used to fetch an input from the user.

 The line 6 shows how to use a scanf() function to fetch an input from the user. The '%d' shows that an integer type variable is fetched from the user and the value is stored in i.

Output:

Please enter a value for i : 5
Value of i : 5

Similarly we can also fetch multiple values using scanf

Program:

 
#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
    int i;
    float j;
    char k;
    printf("\n Enter the value for i : \t");
    scanf("%d",&i);
    printf("\n Enter the value for j: \t");
    scanf("%f",&j);
    printf("\n Enter the value for k: \t");
    scanf("\n%c",&k);
    printf("\n Value of i : \t%d",i);
    printf("\n Value of j : \t%f",j);
    printf("\n Value of k : \t%c",k);    
    return 0;   
 }

'%f' is used to fetch floating number and '%c' is used to fetch a character from the user.

Look at line 13. I have added \n before '%c'. There is a reason behind this. After you enter your input for j (floating point number), you will press 'Enter' key. It is also a character (\n). This character '\n' will be assigned to 'k'. To avoid this, i've placed \n (New Line) before %c. Thus it will ignore the pressing of 'Enter' key which produces '\n' key character.

Output:

Enter the value for i :   4
Enter the value for j :   4.6
Enter the value for k :   h
Value of i :   4
Value of j :   4.600000
Value of k :   h